Physics

Thermal Equilibrium Calculator

Find the heat transferred between two bodies reaching equilibrium.

Hot mass

Hot specific heat (J/(kg·K))

Hot temperature (°C)

Cold mass

Cold specific heat (J/(kg·K))

Cold temperature (°C)

Calculated Output

Equilibrium temperature (°C) 32.037

Heat transferred (J) 151,166.3

Formula: T_f weighted by m·c; Q = m₁c₁(T₁ − T_f)

Step-by-Step Breakdown

1. Values used:

2. Hot mass = 1

3. Hot specific heat = 900 J/(kg·K)

4. Hot temperature = 200 °C

5. Cold mass = 3

6. Cold specific heat = 4,186 J/(kg·K)

7. Cold temperature = 20 °C

9. Equilibrium temperature = 32.037°C

10. Heat transferred = 151,166.3J

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The math behind it

The equilibrium temperature is the heat-capacity-weighted average; the heat transferred is m₁c₁(T₁ − T_f).

1 kg metal at 200 °C in 3 kg water at 20 °C → about 32.6 °C.

Why does the metal cool more than the water warms?

Water's high specific heat resists temperature change.