Physics

Coefficient of Performance Calculator

Find the COP of a refrigerator or heat pump (Carnot limit).

Calculated Output

Max COP 9.1

Formula: Fridge: T_c/(T_h − T_c); Heat pump: T_h/(T_h − T_c)

Step-by-Step Breakdown

1. Values used:

2. Cold temperature = 273 K

3. Hot temperature = 303 K

5. Max COP = 9.1

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The math behind it

The Carnot limit is T_c/(T_h − T_c) for cooling, or T_h/(T_h − T_c) for heating, with temperatures in kelvin.

Cooling between 273 K and 303 K → COP ≈ 9.1 (ideal max).

Can COP exceed 1?

Yes — heat pumps move more heat than the work they consume.